Class 9 — Skill (Kaushal Vikas)
Chapter 7: Apparel

Different Learner Friendly Material • Simplified for cognitive level Class 4 • Not for commercial use

Table of Contents

📝 Section 1 — Classroom Notes

What is Apparel?

Apparel means clothes we wear daily.

Clothes keep us warm and safe.

We need clothes in all seasons.

Types of Fabric

Cotton comes from the cotton plant.

Silk comes from silkworms.

Wool comes from sheep hair.

Jute is a strong plant fibre.

Nylon is a man-made fabric.

Weaving

Weaving joins threads to make cloth.

Two sets of threads cross each other.

A loom is used for weaving.

Stitching Basics

Stitching joins two cloth pieces together.

We use needle and thread to stitch.

Good stitching makes clothes last longer.

Parts of a Sewing Machine

The needle goes up and down fast.

The bobbin holds the lower thread.

The foot pedal makes the machine run.

The hand wheel turns the needle.

Taking Body Measurements

Use a tape to measure your body.

Measure chest, waist, and hip size.

Measure arm length for sleeves.

Write all numbers on paper carefully.

Simple Stitches

Running stitch goes in and out evenly.

Backstitch is very strong and neat.

Hem stitch folds the cloth edge neatly.

Buttons and Buttonholes

Buttons hold two cloth parts together.

A buttonhole is a small cut opening.

Sew buttons tightly so they stay on.

Dyeing and Printing

Dyeing gives colour to white cloth.

We dip cloth in colour water.

Printing puts patterns on the cloth.

Block printing uses wooden blocks and ink.

Indian Textiles

India is famous for its handloom cloth.

Banarasi silk comes from Varanasi city.

Chikan work is done in Lucknow.

Bandhani tie-dye comes from Rajasthan and Gujarat.

🎨 Section 2 — Easy Illustrations

Apparel Fabrics Cotton, silk, wool Weaving Making cloth on loom Stitching Running, back, hem Sewing Machine Parts and use Measurements Body size for fit Buttons Sew on and holes Dyeing Adding colour to cloth Indian Textiles Traditional designs

Five main types of fabric we use.

Weaving: Threads Cross Each Other Green = warp (up-down) Red = weft (side to side)

Weaving means crossing two sets of threads.

Running Stitch Needle goes in and out evenly

Running stitch is the simplest stitch.

Needle Bobbin Pedal Sewing Machine Parts

Main parts of a sewing machine.

Chest Arm Waist Body Measurements Measure chest, arm, and waist

We take body measurements for stitching clothes.

✏️ Section 3 — Worked Examples

Example 1: Name the Fabric

1Read the clue carefully.
2It comes from a sheep.
3It keeps us warm in winter.
Answer: Wool

Example 2: Pick the Right Stitch

1You want to fold a cloth edge.
2The edge should look neat and clean.
3Which stitch will you use?
Answer: Hem stitch

Example 3: Sewing Machine Part

1This part holds the lower thread.
2It sits below the needle plate.
3What is this part called?
Answer: Bobbin

📋 Section 4 — Cheat Sheet

WordSimple Meaning
ApparelClothes we wear
FabricCloth or material
CottonSoft cloth from cotton plant
SilkShiny cloth from silkworm
WoolWarm cloth from sheep hair
JuteStrong fibre from jute plant
NylonMan-made strong fabric
WeavingCrossing threads to make cloth
LoomMachine used for weaving
BobbinSmall roll that holds thread
HemFolded edge of cloth
DyeingAdding colour to cloth
BackstitchStrong stitch that goes backward
BandhaniIndian tie-dye art

📄 Section 5 — Take-Home Handout

Part A: Fill in the Blanks

1. Cotton comes from the ______ plant.

2. Silk comes from a ______.

3. ______ stitch folds the cloth edge.

4. The ______ holds the lower thread.

Part B: True or False

1. Wool comes from a tree. (True / False)

2. Nylon is man-made. (True / False)

3. A loom is used for weaving. (True / False)

Part C: Match the Pairs

1. Banarasi → (Silk / Cotton / Jute)

2. Bandhani → (Weaving / Tie-dye / Printing)

3. Sheep → (Silk / Wool / Nylon)

Part D: Short Answers

1. Name three things you measure on body.

2. What are three types of stitches?

Part E: Draw and Label

Draw a sewing machine. Label needle, bobbin, pedal.

🃏 Section 6 — Revision Flashcards

What does apparel mean?
Apparel means clothes we wear.
Where does cotton come from?
Cotton comes from the cotton plant.
What is weaving?
Weaving crosses threads to make cloth.
What does a bobbin do?
A bobbin holds the lower thread.
Name three simple stitches.
Running stitch, backstitch, hem stitch.
What is dyeing?
Dyeing means adding colour to cloth.
What is Bandhani?
Bandhani is Indian tie-dye art.
Why do we take measurements?
So clothes fit our body properly.

🧠 Section 7 — Mind Map

Apparel Fabrics Cotton, Silk, Wool Man-Made Nylon, Jute Weaving Loom, Threads Stitches Running, Back, Hem Sewing Machine Needle, Bobbin Measurements Chest, Waist, Arm Dyeing Colour, Printing Indian Textiles Banarasi, Bandhani

Mind map showing all topics of Apparel.

✅ Answer Guide — Take-Home Handout

Part A — Fill in the Blanks (Answers)

1. Cotton comes from the cotton plant.   2. Silk comes from a silkworm.   3. Hemming stitch folds the cloth edge.   4. The bobbin holds the lower thread (on a sewing machine).

Part B — True or False (Answers)

1. False – Wool does not come from a tree; it comes from sheep.   2. True – Nylon is a man-made (synthetic) fibre.   3. True – A loom is a machine used for weaving fabric.

Part C — Match the Pairs (Answers)

1. Banarasi → Silk (Banarasi sarees are made of fine silk).   2. Bandhani → Tie-dye (Bandhani is a tie-and-dye craft from Gujarat/Rajasthan).   3. Sheep → Wool (wool is sheared from sheep).

Part D — Short Answers (Answers)

1. Three body measurements: Chest, Waist, and Hip (also: shoulder width, length).   2. Three types of stitches: Running stitch (simple up-down), Backstitch (strong stitch going back), Hemming stitch (folds and secures the edge).

Part E — Draw and Label (Guide)

Sewing machine labels: Needle (at top, pierces fabric), Presser Foot (holds fabric flat), Bobbin (holds lower thread, inside), Pedal (at bottom, pressed with foot to run machine), Wheel (on side, manual control).

💡 Quick Revision Tips